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MMathematicsPhysicsS6Complex numbers

Complex numbers lab: the Argand diagram

Engineers design every AC electricity network with numbers that include √−1. See what complex numbers look like and how they rotate.

🌀z = r(cos θ + i sin θ)complex numbers and roots of unity
LevelS6 (and A Level)
TimeAbout 35 min
You useModulus, argument, polar form
PriceFree: no account

🎯 Aim

To represent complex numbers geometrically and use them in calculations.

You will learn to

  • Represent complex numbers on an Argand diagram.
  • Add, multiply and divide complex numbers.
  • Find modulus and argument; use polar form.
  • Find the nth roots of unity.

🧭 What to do

  1. Set z₁ and z₂ and choose an Operation.
  2. Compare the result on the diagram with the calculation.
  3. Read the polar forms: what happens to r and θ when you multiply?
  4. Change n and look at the roots of zⁿ = 1.
  5. Answer the questions with the class data.
  6. Write your conclusion and download your lab report.

🔬 Lab bench

📋 The data

Two complex numbers.

🧠 Investigate: answer from the data

Type your answer and tap Check. Use 💡 Hint first; open the method only when you are stuck.

📄 My lab report

Your report collects the aim, your data table, the graphs, your answers and your conclusion. It is made on your phone or computer: nothing is sent to anyone.

Check your conclusion

A complex number a + bi is a point or vector on the Argand diagram. Addition adds vectors; multiplication multiplies moduli and adds arguments, so it rotates. Division uses the conjugate. The n roots of zⁿ = 1 sit equally spaced on the unit circle. In AC circuits impedance is Z = R + iX.

➕ Get more from this experiment

📝 Free

Print the worksheet (button above), download the data, and save your report. Teachers can project this page in class.

📦 Premium Lab Pack

1 000 RWF

  • Worksheet: complex numbers and AC circuits
  • Complex numbers problems
  • Teacher guide and answer key
  • Exam-style questions with marking scheme

👩‍🏫 For teachers

Use it as a practical when apparatus is missing, as homework, or as a project. Free lesson plans help you plan, teach and assess.

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