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PPhysicsMathematicsS5 to S6Astronomy

Astronomy lab: find a planet around another star

Astronomers have found thousands of planets around other stars by watching them dim slightly. Read real-style light curves and discover your own planets.

brightnessdepth = (R planet ÷ R star)²
LevelS5 to S6 (and A Level, IB)
TimeAbout 40 min
You useGraphs, square roots, Kepler’s law
PriceFree: no account

🎯 Aim

To use the transit method to find planets around other stars, and to calculate their radius and orbit from a light curve.

You will learn to

  • Read the depth and period of transits from a light curve.
  • Calculate planet radius from the depth.
  • Use Kepler’s third law to find the orbit radius.
  • Explain why small planets are hard to detect.

🧭 What to do

  1. Look at the light curve of Star 1: find the dips.
  2. Choose Zoom on the first dip and read its depth.
  3. Set Dip depth you read and Time between dips you read: what kind of planet is it?
  4. Do the same for Star 2 and Star 3.
  5. Answer the questions with the class data.
  6. Write your conclusion and download your lab report.

🔬 Lab bench

📋 The data

Times and lowest brightness of the dips of star 1 over 30 days.

🧠 Investigate: answer from the data

Type your answer and tap Check. Use 💡 Hint first; open the method only when you are stuck.

📄 My lab report

Your report collects the aim, your data table, the graphs, your answers and your conclusion. It is made on your phone or computer: nothing is sent to anyone.

Check your conclusion

A planet passing in front of its star blocks a fraction of the light equal to (planet radius ÷ star radius)². Star 1 has a planet about the size of Jupiter on a 4-day orbit, very close to its star (a “hot Jupiter”). The time between dips is the orbital period, and Kepler’s third law gives the orbit radius. Earth-sized planets make dips smaller than the noise, so they are hard to find.

➕ Get more from this experiment

📝 Free

Print the worksheet (button above), download the data, and save your report. Teachers can project this page in class.

📦 Premium Lab Pack

1 000 RWF

  • Worksheet: light curves to analyse by hand
  • Kepler’s laws and planets problems
  • Teacher guide and answer key
  • Exam-style questions with marking scheme

👩‍🏫 For teachers

Use it as a practical when apparatus is missing, as homework, or as a project. Free lesson plans help you plan, teach and assess.

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