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BBiologyPhysicsS1 to S6Support and movement

Movement lab: skeleton, joints and muscles

Lifting a bucket of water needs a surprisingly large force in your arm. Find out how bones, joints and muscles work together.

💪F × 4 cm = W × 35 cmskeleton, joints and muscles
LevelS1 to S6 (and IGCSE, A Level)
TimeAbout 35 min
You useMoments, F × d
PriceFree: no account

🎯 Aim

To investigate how muscles, bones and joints produce movement.

You will learn to

  • Explain the forearm as a lever.
  • Calculate muscle forces using moments.
  • Describe antagonistic muscles and types of joint.
  • Explain the sliding filament model.

🧭 What to do

  1. Change the Mass held in the hand and read the biceps force.
  2. Change the Elbow angle: which muscle contracts?
  3. Choose each Joint and read its movement.
  4. Move Contraction and watch the sarcomere bands.
  5. Answer the questions with the class data.
  6. Write your conclusion and download your lab report.

🔬 Lab bench

📋 The data

Biceps force for different loads.

🧠 Investigate: answer from the data

Type your answer and tap Check. Use 💡 Hint first; open the method only when you are stuck.

📄 My lab report

Your report collects the aim, your data table, the graphs, your answers and your conclusion. It is made on your phone or computer: nothing is sent to anyone.

Check your conclusion

The forearm is a third-class lever: the biceps pulls close to the elbow, so it needs a force about nine times the load. Muscles only pull, so they work in antagonistic pairs (biceps and triceps). Hinge, ball-and-socket, pivot and gliding joints allow different movements. In contraction, actin slides over myosin using ATP: the A band stays the same while the I band and H zone shorten.

➕ Get more from this experiment

📝 Free

Print the worksheet (button above), download the data, and save your report. Teachers can project this page in class.

📦 Premium Lab Pack

1 000 RWF

  • Practical worksheet: measure your forearm and calculate the biceps force
  • Support and movement problems
  • Teacher guide and answer key
  • Exam-style questions with marking scheme

👩‍🏫 For teachers

Use it as a practical when apparatus is missing, as homework, or as a project. Free lesson plans help you plan, teach and assess.

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