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CChemistryBiologyS3 to S6Agriculture

Agriculture lab: soil testing, lime and fertiliser

Many hillside soils are acidic and tired. Test the soil, add the right amount of lime and fertiliser, and grow more maize without wasting money.

NPK17-17-17pH 5.5–7
LevelS3 to S6 (and TVET agriculture)
TimeAbout 40 min
You usePercentages, pH, neutralisation
PriceFree: no account

🎯 Aim

To use soil test results to plan lime and fertiliser for maize, and to explain limiting factors and neutralisation of acidic soils.

You will learn to

  • Calculate fertiliser amounts from percentage composition.
  • Explain the effect of soil pH and liming.
  • Identify the limiting factor for yield.
  • Scale amounts from hectares to a family plot.

🧭 What to do

  1. Choose Field A and read the soil test.
  2. Add fertiliser and read the yield and what limits it.
  3. Add Agricultural lime (CaCO₃) until the pH is above 5.5.
  4. Try Fields B and C, and change the Urea on the graph.
  5. Answer the questions with the class data.
  6. Write your conclusion and download your lab report.

🔬 Lab bench

📋 The data

A farmer’s plan for maize on an acidic plot (example recommendations).

🧠 Investigate: answer from the data

Type your answer and tap Check. Use 💡 Hint first; open the method only when you are stuck.

📄 My lab report

Your report collects the aim, your data table, the graphs, your answers and your conclusion. It is made on your phone or computer: nothing is sent to anyone.

Check your conclusion

Fertiliser amounts come from percentage composition: 100 kg of DAP gives 46 kg of P₂O₅ and 18 kg of N. On acidic soils (pH below 5.5) the yield stays low until lime neutralises the acid; then the nutrient in shortest supply limits the yield. Adding more than the crop needs gives little extra maize and wastes money.

➕ Get more from this experiment

📝 Free

Print the worksheet (button above), download the data, and save your report. Teachers can project this page in class.

📦 Premium Lab Pack

1 000 RWF

  • Practical worksheet: test soil pH at school with indicator
  • Fertiliser and lime calculations
  • Teacher guide and answer key
  • Exam-style questions with marking scheme

👩‍🏫 For teachers

Use it as a practical when apparatus is missing, as homework, or as a project. Free lesson plans help you plan, teach and assess.

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